India
According to Water-Aid, an international NGO, India occupies the second place among the countries with poor sanitation provisions. China occupies the first place, the worst in the world. The United Nations estimates that some 2.6 billion people all over the world do not have any access to basic sanitation. Over half of them live in India and China. In India, 700 million people do not have any access to hygienic toilets. According to a British journal, water-related diseases caused by the lack of adequate sanitation are the second biggest killer of children. Diarrhoeal diseases like dysentery kill 5,000 children every day; that’s five times the number dying from HIV-AIDS. At any given time, half the hospital beds in the developing world are occupied by patients suffering from such diseases. Unhealthy truth about India Joginder Singh [ C.eldoc1/d70d/15dec07aa1.html] The recently-released mid-term assessment of the "The Millennium Development Goals: Progress in Asia and the Pacific 2007" explains that though the country has managed to provide drinking water to 83 per cent of its rural population, it still houses a third of Asia Pacific's population without access to basic saniation. The report says that although our overall sanitation coverage has increased from 3 to 22 per cent, this is not enough to meet the 2015 target. As a result, it is the young children who are bearing the brunt. Consumption of contaminated drinking water; improper disposal of human excreta, lack of personal and food hygiene is taking the lives of approximately 1,000 children every day in India. The 2001 Census data best captures the bleak state of sanitation in the country It indicates that only 22 per cent of rural households use sanitary facilities with huge disparities across states - ranging from 81 per cent in Kerala to 8 per cent in Orissa. Further, approximately 24 per cent urban households choose to pollute the environment and make it more conducive for the spread of communicable diseases. Sanitation, Clean Water For All A Distant Dream, The Hindustan Times, New Delhi, 18 Oct 2007 [ C.eldoc1/d70d/18oct07ht1.html] In a report, the Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council records the experiences of community workers from Africa, Asia, and Latin America on the all-important issues of safe water, sanitation and hygiene. The report titled ‘Listening' presents the voices of 40 people working with communities across Africa, Asia and Latin America to achieve UN water and sanitation goals. Lack of water and sanitation is the world's number one health problem. This year, 2.2 million children will die as a result of waterborne diseases, says the WSSCC.(Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council) In India, an estimated 591,500 children die from poor hygiene every year -- the highest in the world. In Bangladesh, an estimated 21,000 children die annually due to poor hygiene; in Pakistan the number is 135,000. As many as 769.4 million people in India do not have access to proper sanitation, and for 171 million people improved water supply is a distant dream. to worms. We can not grow healthy food in such contaminated land or can graze our animals One fly is deadlier than one hundred tigers, InfoChange News & Features [ C.eldoc1/sanitation/sanitation-report.html]
http://www.ukinindia.org/magazines/britaintoday/BTInnerpage.asp?IssueId=63&magzineId=3& SectionId=334&ArticleId=770 It is estimated that 33% of the population practice open defecation, a further 33% rely on bucket and dry privies, and the remaining 34% use toilets with sewerage or septic tank facilities. All urban areas with populations of more than 100,000 have sewerage systems, but only 700 cities treat effluent before disposal. Raw sewage often overflows into open drains due to blocked sewers or failed pumps. There are good examples of non-government organizations and communities collaborating to bring basic sanitation to millions using the power of communities to mobilize resources. Country Paper India, Water, by India Waterportal, 2007 (need to index) http://www.indiawaterportal.org/data/res/awdo_india.pdf
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