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USING URINE
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Urine is generally sterile, though it contains some bacteria after excretion. A few diseases can be transmitted like cystitis, typhoid fever, schistosomiasis or leptospirosis through urine..

The bacteria in urine usually die rather quickly and do not pose any threat to further utilisation of urine. Therefore it is largely sufficient to observe a withdrawal period before utilising the urine. The wait period is essential if you know that people suffering from the above mentioned diseases have utilised the latrine.

Usually the problem is not urine itself but solid excrement that has accidentally mixed with urine

Treatment of urine prior to use as fertilizer

No major treatment is required for household use of urine as a fertiliser that is when the crops grown are consumed within the family.This is because risk of adverse transmission between family is low. Further, if and when any family member is infected with disease, such urine could easily be isolated. The onlycondition is that the last application of Urine must be at least one month prior to harvesting.

For larger systems however, it is recommended that the Urine is stored between 4 and 20 C [20 degree Cellious] for 1 to 6 months, depending on the type of crop to be fertilized. For higher levels of contamination levels longer storage time and/or higher temperature. Store undiluted to provide a harsh environment for pathogens, and in a sealed container to prevent loss of nitrogen.


TNANU trial Paddy Plot in Musirir
Treatment of urine prior to use as fertilizer
No major treatment is required for household use of urine as a fertiliser that is when the crops grown are consumed within the family.This is because risk of adverse transmission between family is low. Further, if and when any family member is infected with disease, such urine could easily be isolated. The only condition is that the last application of Urine must be at least one month prior to harvesting.

For larger systems however, it is recommended that the Urine is stored between 4 and 20 C[20 degree Cellious] for 1 to 6 months, depending on the type of crop to be fertilized. For higher levels of contamination levels longer storage time and/or higher temperature. Store undiluted to provide a harsh environment for pathogens, and in a sealed container to prevent loss of nitrogen.
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