HOW HAS THE GUJARAT MASSACRE AFFECTED MINORITY WOMEN
The Survivors Speak

Fact-finding
by
a Women's Panel
Syeda Hameed, Muslim Women?s Forum, Delhi
Ruth Manorama, National Alliance of Women, Bangalore
Malini Ghose, Nirantar, Delhi
Sheba George, Sahrwaru, Ahmedabad
Farah Naqvi, Independent Journalist, Delhi
Mari Thekaekara, Accord, Tamil Nadu

Sponsored by
Citizen?s Initiative, Ahmedabad [India]

April 16, 2002  



Testimonies of Sexual Violence
 

     WITNESSING MASS RAPE (INCLUDING MINOR GIRLS)
 

     NARODA PATIA, AHMEDABAD, FEBRUARY 28, 2002[3][3]

     "The mob started chasing us with burning tyres after we were forced to leave Gangotri
     society. It was then that they raped many girls. We saw about 8-10 rapes. We saw
     them strip 16-year-old Mehrunissa. They were stripping themselves and beckoning to
     the girls. Then they raped them right there on the road. We saw a girl?s vagina being slit
     open. Then they were burnt. Now there is no evidence."
 

     Source: Kulsum Bibi, Shah e Alam Camp, March 27, 2002
 

     "I saw Farzana being raped by Guddu Chara. Farzana was about 13 years old. She
     was a resident of Hussain Nagar. They put a saria (rod) in Farzana?s stomach. She
     was later burnt. 12 year old Noorjahan was also raped. The rapists were Guddu,
     Suresh and Naresh Chara and Haria. I also saw Bhawani Singh, who works in the
     State Transport Department kill 5 men and a boy."
 

     Source: Azharuddin, 13 years. He witnessed the rapes while hiding on the terrace of
     Gangotri Society. The Chara basti is located just behind Jawan Nagar.
 

     The mob, which came from Chara Nagar and Kuber Nagar, started burning people at
     around 6 in the evening. The mob stripped all the girls of the locality, including my
     22-year-old daughter, and raped them. My daughter was engaged to be married. 7
     members of my family were burnt including my wife (aged 40), my sons (aged 18, 14
     and 7) and my daughters (aged 2, 4 and 22). My eldest daughter, who later died in the
     civil hospital, told me that those who raped her were wearing shorts. They hit her on
     the head and then burnt her. She died of 80% burn injuries.
 

     Source: Abdul Usman, Testimony recorded by Citizens Initiative
 

     SULTANI, A RAPE survivor, SPEAKS
 

     VILLAGE ERAL, KALOL TALUKA, PANCHMAHALS DISTRICT,
     FEBRUARY 28th, 2002[4][4]
 

     On the afternoon of February 28th to escape the violent mob, about 40 of us got on to
     a tempo, wanting to escape to Kalol. My husband Feroze was driving the tempo. Just
     outside Kalol a Maruti car was blocking the road. A mob was lying in wait. Feroze had
     to swerve. The tempo overturned. As we got out they started attacking us. People
     started running in all directions. Some of us ran towards the river. I fell behind as I was
     carrying my son, Faizan. The men caught me from behind and threw me on the ground.
     Faizan fell from my arms and started crying. My clothes were stripped off by the men
     and I was left stark naked. One by one the men raped me. All the while I could hear
     my son crying. I lost count after 3. They then cut my foot with a sharp weapon and left
     me there in that state.
 

     Source: Sultani, Kalol Camp, Panchmahals District, March 30, 2002
 

     Additional facts about the case:

     · We had heard about Sultani?s case from her relatives in Halol camp. The details and
     sequence of events of both testimonies matched.
 

     · Sultani has not undergone a medical examination. Her leg had been swollen for three
     weeks as a result of the injury inflicted by a sharp weapon, but it is healing now.
 

     · No FIR has been filed though a written statement has been submitted to the DSP. In
     her statement she names some men from the mob (Jitu Shah, PDS Shop owner of
     Delol village; Ashok Patel alias Don Dadhi of Ramnath village)
 

     · When we spoke with her and her sister-in-law they both said they were feeling numb
     and lost, as they did not know where to go from the Camp. She categorically stated
     that they could not go back to her village. She was terribly worried about the future
     especially her children?s. Sultani has still not been told that her husband had died in the
     attack. She believes he is missing.
 

     A MOTHER?S ACCOUNT OF HER DAUGHTER?S RAPE
 

     VILLAGE ERAL, KALOL TALUKA , PANCHMAHALS DISTRICT. MARCH 3,
     2002[5][5]
 

     My father-in-law, a retired schoolteacher, refused to leave the village with the other
     Muslim families who fled to Kalol on February 28th. He believed no one would harm
     us. From the 28th about 13 members of my family sought refuge in various people?s
     houses and the fields. On Sunday afternoon (March 3rd) the hut we were hiding in was
     attacked. We ran in different directions and hid in the field. But the mob found some of
     us and started attacking. I could hear various members of my family shouting for mercy
     as they were attacked. I recognized two people from my village - Gano Baria and Sunil
     - pulling away my daughter Shabana. She screamed, telling the men to get off her and
     leave her alone. The screams and cries of Ruqaiya, Suhana, Shabana, begging for their
     izzat could clearly be heard. My mind was seething with fear and fury. I could do
     nothing to help my daughter from being assaulted sexually and tortured to death. My
     daughter was like a flower, still to experience life. Why did they have to do this to her?
     What kind of men are these? The monsters tore my beloved daughter to pieces. After a
     while, the mob was saying "cut them to pieces, leave no evidence." I saw fires being lit.
     After some time the mob started leaving. And it became quiet.
 

     Source: Medina Mustafa Ismail Sheikh, Kalol camp, Panchmahals district, March 30,
     2002
 

     Additional facts about the case:
 

     · Medina?s testimony has been corroborated by the other two living witnesses -
     Mehboob and Khushboo. Khushboo in her testimony also recounted how her
     grandfather (Medina?s father-in-law) and Huriben were killed. She also narrated how
     Ruqaiya?s pajamas were taken off and then one by one the men started "poking her in
     the lower part with their body".
 

     · We saw a copy of Medina?s FIR, where the police has charged 5 persons with
     murder under section 302. Charges of rape have not been included. The FIR uses the
     colloquial phrase ?bura kaam? rather than the specific term ?rape?. We were also
     given the case report prepared by the camp leaders. The names of some of the
     accused are mentioned in the FIR.
 

     GANG RAPE OF 25 YEAR OLD ZARINA: A HUSBAND?S ACCOUNT

     HUSSAIN NAGAR, NARODA PATIA, AHMEDABAD. FEBRUARY 28, 2002

     It started at 9 am on February 28th. That?s when the mobs arrived, shouting - Mian
     Bhai nikalo (Bring out the Muslims). Many of them were wearing kesari chaddis
     (saffron shorts or underwear) The mob included boys from the neighbouring buildings -
     Gopinath Society and Gangotri Society. I ran out of my house with the entire family -
     mother, father, sister, sister?s daughter, my wife Zarina, my brother, my sister-in-law,
     and my niece?there were 11 of us. We all ran towards the Police chowki. The Police
     said, ?Go towards Gopinath and Gangotri?. In the melee, I was separated from my
     wife. What happened to her, she told me later. She tried to escape the mobs by leaping
     over a wall. But found herself in a cul-de-sac. They gang-raped her, and cut one arm.
     She was found naked. She was kept in the civil hospital for many days. Now she is
     recovering with her mother near the Khanpur darwaza.
 

     Source: Naimuddin Ibrahim Sheikh, 30 year old husband of Zarina. Shah-e-Alam
     Camp, March 27, 2002. His family migrated from Gulbarga in Karnataka in 1971. He
     was born in Naroda. Naimmudin?s testimony was corroborated by Mumtaz, who was
     among the women who found Zarina naked in the maidan.
 

     RAPE OF 13 YEAR OLD YASMIN
 

     VILLAGE DELOL, PANCHMAHALS DISTRICT. MARCH 1, 2002
 

     The extended families of Mohammad Bhai and Bhuri Behn - about 20 people - were
     chased by the mob to the river. Javed and another boy who managed to escape and
     hide behind a bush saw the mob kill Mohammad Bhai and rape Yasmin. They were
     about to kill the mother of the other boy who was hiding with him. So he screamed and
     ran out from behind the bush and was caught. He was made to walk around the dead
     bodies that were burnt (as if around a pyre) and he was then pushed into the fire.
 

     Source: Women from Delol at Halol Camp, Panchmahals district, March 30, 2002.
     Javed, Mohammad Bhai?s nephew, had come to Delol to help his uncle. He had
     narrated this to several of the women from Delol. Javed has returned to his village,
     Desar.
 

     STRIPPING AND BRUTALISING OF AN ENTIRE FAMILY, LIMKHEDA
     VILLAGE.
 

     DHEROL STATION, HALOL TALUKA, PANCHMAHALS DISTRICT.
     FEBRUARY 28, 2002
 

     35 year old Haseena Bibi Yasin Khan Pathan along with her entire extended family of
     17 people ran from Limkheda on the morning of February 28th. At 7 am they caught
     the train from Limkheda Station, disembarked at Dherol Station at 10 am. That?s when
     they encountered the mob. Every one ran helter-skelter and the family got separated.
     Haseena, her husband, and young daughter managed to run towards Halol. Two
     children, Farzana (10 years old) and Sikandar (7 years old) escaped into the fields.
     Four boys - Ayub, (age 12), Mushtaq, (age 12), Mohsin, (age 10), and Shiraz (age 7)
     managed to hide behind bushes, and witnessed what happened. There was a large
     crowd. They were wearing pant-shirt and brandishing swords. According to Ayub, the
     mob caught his sister Afsana and cousins Zebu, Noorjehan, Sitara, Akbar, Rehana,
     Yusuf, Imran, Khatun (Aunt) and Zareef (brother). They were all stripped naked and
     made to run towards a nearby canal. That?s the last Ayub saw of them. The bodies
     turned up charred near the canal the following day. He doesn?t recognize the mob. No
     FIR has been lodged.
 

     Source: Ayub, Halol Camp, Panchmahals district. The first part of the testimony is
     corroborated by his mother, Haseena Bibi.
 

     ACTIVISTS? EXPERIENCES OF DEALING WITH RAPE survivors

     SHAH-E- ALAM RELIEF CAMP, AHMEDABAD.

     Naseem and Mahmooda, from nearby Millat Nagar, work with Sahrwaru, a voluntary
     organization. They are presently working at the Shah Alam camp. They testified that
     many women arrived stark naked at the camp. Men took off their shirts to cover the
     women?s nakedness. Some could barely walk because of torn genitals as a result of
     gang rapes. While talking to them we met Zubeida Apa, an elderly woman who has
     witnessed girls being gang raped. Her trauma was writ large on her face. We did not
     dare to rake up her pain by asking her more questions. We were told about Najma
     Bano who was brought to the camp unconscious, her body covered with bites and nail
     marks. She was bleeding profusely. Pieces of wood, which had been shoved up her
     vagina were extricated by the women who dressed her wounds. Najma Bano herself
     was too traumatized to recount her own story. She says she does not remember
     anything, except being chased by the men from Gangotri Society. Accounts like these
     require further follow-up.
 

     Source: Naseem and Mehmooda, Millat Nagar
 

     The following testimonies have been taken from documentation supplied to the
     fact-finding team by Citizens Initiative, Ahmedabad:
 

     MASS RAPE AND MURDER
 

     NARODA PATIA. FEBRUARY 28, 2002[6][6]
 

     By now it was 6.30 in the evening. The mob caught my husband and hit him on his
     head twice with the sword. Then they threw petrol in his eyes and then burned him. My
     sister-in- law was stripped and raped. She had a three-month old baby in her lap. They
     threw petrol on her and the child was taken from her lap and thrown in the fire. My
     brother-in-law was also struck on the head with the sword and thrown in the fire. We
     were at the time hiding on the terrace of a building. My mother-in-law was unable to
     climb the stairs so she was on the ground floor with her four-year-old grandson. She
     told them to take away whatever money she had but to spare the children. They took
     away all the money and jewelry, then burnt the children with petrol. My mother-in-law
     was raped too. I witnessed all this. Unmarried girls from my street were stripped,
     raped and burnt. A 14-year-old girl was killed by piercing an iron rod into her
     stomach. The mayhem ended at 2.30 am. Then the ambulance came and I sat in it
     along with bodies of my husband and children. I have injury marks on my both my
     thighs and left hand, which were caused by the police beating. My husband (48 %
     burns), my daughter (95 % burns) both died in the hospital after three days. The police
     was on the spot but they were helping the mob. We fell at their feet but they said they
     were ordered from above not to help. Since the telephone wires were snapped we
     could not inform the fire brigade.
 

     Source: Jannat Sheikh, testimony to Citizens Initiative.
 
 
 

     BILKEES: ACCOUNT OF A RAPE Survivor
 

     RANDHIKPUR VILLAGE, DISTRICT DAHOD[7][7]. MARCH 3, 2002
 

     Twenty-one year old Bilkees was five months pregnant. When Muslim houses in her
     village were attacked on February 28th, by a mob comprising upper caste people from
     her own village and some outsiders, she and several of her family members fled. For
     two days they ran from village to village. At a mosque near Kuajher, her cousin
     Shamim, delivered a baby. But there was no respite for them. They had to leave
     immediately, including Shamim who could barely walk, carrying her newborn baby.
 

     On March 3rd we had started moving towards Panivela village, which was in a remote
     and hilly area. Suddenly we heard the sound of a vehicle. A truck came with people
     from our own village and outsiders too. We realised that they had not come to help us.
     They stopped us and then the madness started. They pulled my baby from my arms
     and threw her away. The other women and I were taken aside and raped. I was raped
     by three men. I was screaming all the time. They beat me and then left me for dead.
     When I regained consciousness I found I was alone. All around me were the dead
     bodies of my family, my baby girl, the newborn baby, their bodies were covered with
     the rocks and boulders used to kill them. I lay there the whole night and most of the
     next day. I do not know when I was conscious and when unconscious. Later I was
     found by a police squad from Limkheda police station .I was taken to the hospital and
     then brought to the Godhra Camp.
 

     Testimony to AIDWA and Anandi
 

     Additional facts about the case:
 

     · Her FIR has been filed and a medical examination done on the insistence of the
     District collector, Jayanti Ravi, even though six-days had passed. Rape has been
     confirmed.
 

     · She has named the people who killed her family members and those who raped her:
     Sailesh Bhatt, Mithesh Bhatt, Vijay Maurya, Pradeep Maurya, Lala Vakil, Lala
     Doctor, Naresh Maurya, Jaswant Nai and Govind Nai (the last three gang-raped her)
 

     · Initially all her family members were missing. Her father and husband have been
     traced to another camp at Dahod and her brother, Saeed, is with her in Godhra.

 
 
 
                     A META-NARRATIVE OF BESTIALITY
      "But what they did to my sister-in-law?s sister Kausar Bano was horrific and heinous.
      She was 9 months pregnant. They cut open her belly, took out her foetus with a sword
                and threw it into a blazing fire. Then they burnt her as well."
 
       Source: Saira Banu, Naroda Patia (recorded at the Shah-e-Alam Camp on March
                                 27th, 2002).
 
      During our fact-finding mission, we were to hear this story many times. We read about
         it in other fact-finding reports. We were told about it by many survivors at the
      Shah-e-Alam camp. Sometimes the details would vary - the foetus was dashed to the
      ground, the foetus was slaughtered with a sword, the foetus was swung on the point of
       the sword and then thrown into a fire. Each teller of the story owned it. It was as if it
      was their own story. Were these simply the fevered imaginings of traumatized minds?
       We think not. Kausar?s story has come to embody the numerous experiences of evil
      that were felt by the Muslims of Naroda Patia on February 28, 2002. In all instances
       where extreme violence is experienced collectively, meta-narratives are constructed.
         Each victim is part of the narrative; their experience subsumed by the collective
        experience. Kausar is that collective experience - a meta-narrative of bestiality; a
            meta-narrative of helpless victimhood. There are a thousand Kausars.
 
      Members of the fact-finding team have seen photographic evidence of the burnt bodies
      of a mother and a foetus lying on the mother?s belly, as if torn from the uterus and left
                 on the gash. We do not know if that was Kausar Bano.